Expansion joint



My291934- .J. PATER 1,961,077

. EXPANSION JOINT, y

Filed April 9, 195o Patented Mayl 29, 1934 uNlTEo 4STA EXPANSION JOINT` Carl J. Pater, Wyoming, Ohio, asslgnor to The Philip CareyManufacturing Company, a corporation of Ohio Application April 9, 1930, serial No. 442,917

14 Claims.

My invention relates to an expansion joint formed in the factory and shipped to the place of application. 'Ihe invention set forth in some of the claims of this application is a species described but not specifically. claimed in my application Serial No. 388,987 led June 14, 1920 which resulted in Patent No. 1,665,718, dated AprillO,

1928. It 'is particularly addressed to expansion joints for use in street paving, such as concrete, brick, wood block and similar streets or highways or other places where it is desirable to placeV at intervals Aan expansion joint to compensate for the contraction and expansion of the paving, due to variationsin temperature. It is desirablev that the material of which expansion joints of this character are made should be of such a nature that while possessing the requisite characteristics to serve as an expansion joint, it is capable of being moulded or otherwise formed to the desired shape in the factory. These expansion joints must, when finished, be adapted to be readily handled while at the same time being sufficiently board-like to permit v of their being installed in place or u sed as a portion or side of the mould when a concrete pavement is being laid. In this way my expansion joints obviate the necessity of first placing the form or mould in position and then after the concrete is set, removing the mould and placing the joint in the space from which the mould was removed. They also obviate the pouring o'f joints on the job.

The single figure of the drawing discloses a longitudinal section through one embodiment -of my invention. In this figure, A designates the reinforcingA layer and B designates layers of plastic material arranged on either side of the reinorcing layer A.

In carrying out my invention I prefer to use a material plastic in its nature and possessed of the necessary .waterproofing and non-deteriorating characteristics such as asphalt, coal tar, candle tar, pine tar, or any other bituminous or suit- .able hydrocarbon material. This bituminous material may be either'a pure asphalt or a composition of asphalts or other bituminous materials or a combination of bituminous and other materials.- In the preferred form of my inven` tion I take a quantity of the bituminous material, preferably in excess of fifty percent, by weight, and combine with it a filler of suitable material, lsuch as asbestos fibre, flax;pulverized coke, lamp black, pulverized charcoal, clay, sand, waste tan bark, grasses, cork, or other suitable material. In making the mixtureI heat'the bituminous mawhich it is to reinforce.

(Cl. 94-v-18) terial until it issufliciently fluid to permit of the ready mixing of the filler with it. Then the mixture is formed into the desired shape bymoulds or by passing between rollers or in any other suitable manner. I prefer that the filler material used should be a material that is in and of itself waterproof and non-deteriorating or is of such a nature that it will permit itself to be saturated with the bituminous material into `which it is mixed so as to make it waterproof and preserve it.

Some materials could be used which are not capable of being saturated but which have other qualities, such as elasticity and flexibility, as in 'the instance of cork mentioned, and these'materials when coated with the bituminous material'will be protected and will not deteriorate or be affected by the climatic or other conditions arising from the use of the joint. The joint made of this bituminous material containing the filler must be plastic but in order to permit of its ready handling for shipping purposes and for application and use on the job, it is desirable that this plastic mass be provided with some reinforcement for the purpose of strengthening it.

This reinforcement may be a bituminous reinforcement made by using a bituminous material which is of a harder consistency or of v less plasticity than the plastic mass4 which it is to reinforce. Such reinforcement may be obtained by enclosing a ply of fabric or felt C in a body of bitumen which is harder 'than the material composing the layers B. Also su'ch a' reinforcement may be obtained by using an asphalt which is harder than the mass to be reinforced or combining an asphalt with some filler which will tend to vmake it harder and then applying this hard asphalt mixture to the surface of the plastic mass to the desired thickness, thereby giving body and strength to the joint so that itwill form a slab or board-like structure capable of being easily handled. -A bituminous material could be utilized for this purpose having a much higher melting point than the plastic mass rst referred to or one having amuch lower penetration than the plastic mass A layer ofr this reinforcing material is preferably used as a core and a layer of plastic material is applied to each side of it.

The thickness of this reinforcing material depends upon the thicknessof the joint and the thickness of the plastic mass but it must be of suillcient thickness sc as to aiIord the boardlike or slab-like characteristics to the final complete expansion joint. I sometimes use in place los `of the bituminous reinforcement a reinforcement of paper or sometimes combine the paper reinforcement with the bituminous reinforcement by placing the paper between the original plastic 5 mass and the bituminous reinforcement.

sired any material could be used in this way, such as a thin sheet of plain, perforated or expanded metal, suitable fabric, strands of wire or other suitable thin material which while affording reinforcement to the joint does not prevent its use or destroy any of the characteristics that give it value as an expansion joint. The surface of the joint could, to prevent adhesion of adjacent joints especially in extremely hot" weather, have a layer or exterior coat or d usting of talc, soapstone, mica or any similar suitable minute particles adapted to prevent the adhesion of adjacent joints when packed, etc.

I claim:

1. A preformed board-like expansion joint formed of two layers of plastic mass of bituminous material containing a ller of vegetable bre and a reinforcing layer of bituminous material harder than said plastic mass arranged between the layers thereof and having a felt strip embedded therein.

2. A preformed expansion joint formed of two layers of a plastic mass composed of a bituminous material containing a filler of grass-like fibre, and a reinforcing layer of bituminous material arranged between the other two layers and having a felt strip embedded therein.

3. An expansion joint composed of a plurality of layers, two of which layers contain bituminous material with fibre interspersed therein, a

third layer containing bituminous material harder than the bituminous material in the said' two layers, and a strip of continuous felt embedded in said harder layer.

40 4. A prepared expansion joint, consisting of a plurality of bodies of bituminous material of subf stantial thickness, the materials of the several bodies differing in rigidity'and the bodies of less rigidity facing the more rigid body. 5. A prepared composition slab, constructed of a plurality of bodies of bituminous material, the materials of the several bodies differing in rigid, ity, a body` of material of greater rigidity being enclosed between two bodies of material of less rigidity.

6. A preformed board-like expansion joint formed of two layers of plastic mass composed of bituminous material containing a ber filler, and a brous sheet embedded in a layer of bituminous material harder than said plastic mass,

said last layer being interposed between and reinforcing said rst two layers.

If dein said harder layer.

9. A prepared expansion joint having a plurality of bodies of materials of substantial thickness, the materials of the several bodies differing in rigidity and the bodies of less rigidity facing the more rigid body.

10. A prepared expansion joint constructed of a plurality of .layers of material, the materials of the several layers differing in rigidity, a layer of material of greater rigidity being enclosed between two layers of material of substantial thickness and of less rigidity and rendering the joint comparatively stiff.

11. A prepared expansion joint constructed of a plurality of layers of material, the materials of the several layers differing in rigidity, a layer of material of greater rigidity being enclosed between two layers of material of substantial thickness and of less rigidity, said material of greater 'rigidity containing finely-divided filler.

12. A prepared expansion joint having a plurality of layers of material, the several layers differing in rigidity and'the layers of less rigidity facing the more rigid layer, said layers of less rigidity comprising bituminous material interspersed with fiber and said layer of greater rigidity comprising a fabricated sheet impregnated with bitumen.

13.l A prepared expansion joint having a plurality of layers of material differing in rigidity, one of said layers being of less rigidity than the adjacent facing layer, said layer of less rigidity comprising bituminous material having interspersed within it fibers, and said layer of greater rigidity comprising a fabricated sheet impregnated with bitumen. f

14. A prepared expansion joint having a plurality of bodies of materials of substantial thickness, the material of two of the bodies being of less rigidity than the material of a third body and the bodies of less rigidity facing the more rigid body.

CARL J. PATER. 

